Abstract: Aim: was to estimate possibilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diagnostics of pathology of bile ducts in combination with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). Materials and methods: examined 5 patients with obstructive jaundice, suspected cancerous etiology OCT was performed during or 5-14 days after PTBD. For morphological confirmation of results we performed forceps intraductal biopsies. Results: tomographic evidences of the malignant stricture were revealed in 4 (80%) patients anc in 1 patient benign stricture was determined. Diagnoses were confirmed histologically (80%) and clinically (20%). Sensitivity of the OCT was 100%. Conclusion: percutaneous transhepatic OCT appeared to be a perspective method for differential diagnostics of biliary strictures. References 1. Polikarpov A.A. Rentgenojendovaskuljarnye vmeshatel'stva v lechenii nerezektabel'nyh zlokachestvennyh opuholej pecheni. [Endovascular interventions in treatment of nonresectable malignant tumors of liver] Avtoreferat. Diss. dokt. med. nauk. S.Peterburg. 2006; S 26 [In Russ]. 2. Shajn A.A. Rak organov pishhevarenija. [Cancer of digestive organs] Tjumen'. Skorpion. 2000; 184-188 [In Russ]. 3. Soares K.C., Kamel I., Cosgrove D.P., et al. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: diagnosis, treatment options, and management. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2014; 3 (1): 18-34. 4. Madariaga J.R., Iwatsuki S.,Todo S. et al. Liver resection for hilar and peripheral cholangiocarcinomas: a study of 62 cases. Annals of Surgery. 1998; 227 (1): 70-79. 5. Heimbach J.K., Haddock M.G., Alberts S.R. et al. Transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transplantation. 2004; 10 (2): 65 -68. 6. Denisenko A.G. Opticheskaja kogerentnaja tomografija v diagnostike novoobrazovanij zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta. [Optical coherence tomography in diagnostics of neoplasms of digestive tract]Avtoreferat. Diss. kand. med. nauk. N. Novgorod. 2006; S 20 [In Russ]. 7. Zagajnova E.V. Diagnosticheskaja cennost' opticheskoj kogerentnoj tomografii v jendoskopii. [Diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography in endoscopy]Avtoreferat. Diss. dokt. med. nauk. N. Novgorod. 2007; S27 [In Russ]. 8. Arvanitakis M., Hookey L., Tessier G. et al. Intraductal optical coherence tomography during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for investigation of biliary strictures. Endoscopy. 2009; 41: 696-701. [PMID: 19618343 D0I:10.1055/s-0029-1214950]. 9. de Bellis M., Sherman S., Fogel E. L. et al. Tissue sampling at ERCP in suspected malignant biliary strictures (Part 2). Gastrointest Endosc. 2002; 56: 720-730 [PMID: 12397282 DOI: 10.1067/mge.2002.129219]. 10. Ross W.A., Wasan S.M., Evans D.B. et al. Combined EUS with FNA and ERCP for the evaluation of patients with obstructive jaundice from presumed pancreatic malignancy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008; 68: 461-466 [PMID: 18384788 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.11.033]. 11. 12. Demin V.V., Dolgov 13. Mahmud S.M., May G.R., Kamal M.M. et al. Imaging pancreatobiliary ductal system with optical coherence tomography: A review. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2013; 5(11): 540-550. ISSN 1948-5190 (online). 14. Tearney G.J., Brezinski M.E., Southern J.F. et al. Optical biopsy in human pancreatobiliary tissue using optical coherence tomography. Dig DisSci. 1998; 43: 11931199 [PMID: 9635607 DOI: 10.1023/A:1018891304453]. 15. Testoni P.A., Mariani A., Mangiavillano B. et al. Main pancreatic duct, common bile duct and sphincter of Oddi structure visualized by optical coherence tomography: An ex vivo study compared with histology. Dig Liver Dis. 2006; 38: 409-414 [PMID: 16584931 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld. 2006.02.014]. 16. Testoni P.A., Mangiavillano B. Optical coherence tomography in detection of dysplasia and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract and bilio-pancreatic ductal system. World J Gastroenterol. 2008; 14: 6444-6452 [PMID: 19030194 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.6444]. 17. Testoni P.A., Mariani A., Mangiavillano B. Intraductal optical coherence tomography for investigating main pancreatic duct strictures. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007; 102: 269-274 [PMID: 17100970 DOI: 10.1111/j. 1572-0241. 2006.00940.x].